Concrete strength of wind-solar hybrid construction of communication base stations

What is a steel-concrete hybrid tower?

Steel–concrete hybrid towers have been proposed for onshore tall wind turbine tower installations. Their bottom sections are built with concrete and top sections with steel. The primary advantages of such hybrid towers include construction using low-cost durable material and avoidance of transport barriers associated with all-steel towers.

What are the design constraints governing the geometry of hybrid towers?

In this study, a set of design constraints governing the geometry of hybrid towers was proposed to determine the optimal combination of concrete and steel sections. The primary constraint in tower design involves avoiding resonance because a resonant response can significantly damage the tower and trigger turbine fault conditions.

Which constraint is used in wind turbine design?

The compressive stress constraint for the steel tower and fatigue constraint were included based on the requirements of reference standards. The top deflection constraint was applied using the virtual work principle. Frequency constraint typically corresponds to the primary constraint in wind turbine tower design.

Why is a hybrid design better than a pure steel tower?

The concrete segments can also be precast with transportable sizes to avoid transport challenges associated with prefabricated steel towers. Hence, it will be more cost-effective to use a hybrid design compared to the pure steel tubular option as hub heights become taller and wind turbines become heavier. Fig. 1.